[zmann]

Alternatively, use ohm meter and measure it in circuit. The readouts should always be close to the resistor actual values, now the actual value can be reckoned. This method is useful to apply on SMD resistors size of 0402 which is too small as dust and nothing at all to read out. There are a lot of them used on EDC17, MED17, MEV17 and some other ECU's. The ECU's are known as hard to open and with risk to damage those dusty components.